How to Literally Shoot the Moon

Isaac Newton pose out the physical ballistic requirements to hit the moon with a hitman in his famousCannonball thought experimentation . Since Newton , and for years before him , humanity have relentlessly sought to buck the piece in the moon in his prominent , simper font . Now , we ’ve most work out it out .

There are only two way to get off this major planet — powered and unpowered . Rockets , which use propellants to continually accelerate as they locomote , fall into the first category . Space travel as we get it on it has been almost exclusively the powered kind . This is because it is much less trying on both the craft and its payload while they reach escape speed ( the minimum amphetamine and direction an target must travel so it does n’t descend back down or participate orbital cavity around the planet ) .

heater , which only accelerate until they leave the muzzle of the hired gun , have a hard time break loose . Therefore , we ’re proceed to need a bigger gun . Much , much big . big than any gun ever build before . ThatNazi railway system gunfrom WWII ? A pea shooter compared to the shank necessary to put packages into space . We ’re going to need a Space Gun .

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A space gun is a gun what launches objects into infinite . Duh . It ’s the unpowered alternative to rocket launch . Jules Verne made the distance gun conception famous in his science fiction classic , From the Earth to the Moon . The US military has made several attempts to build them as well , first with high explosives , then with electromagnetic rail and coil technology .

The military machine ’s s first successful enterprise , SHARP ( Super High Altitude Research Project ) , fire up pressurized methane to drive a 1 - ton plunger . This compressed hydrogen gasoline in the other ending of the inflammation thermionic tube to 60,000 psi , establish an 11 - pound projectile at Mach 8.8 — that ’s 6,700 mph . Even more telling was Project HARP . It fool a 400 - pound type slug 110 miles at 8,050 mph , using a 100 - calibre ( 16 - in ) naval gun .

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But for as impressive as these feats are , neither HARP , nor SHARP , nor any other DoD ballistic space launch project has ever successfully put an item into range . So military pastime in recent years has go down . individual go-ahead has thus aim the space gun helm , with firms likeQuicklaunchandStarTramvying for investors . Such a gun has Brobdingnagian construction costs , but the potentiality is also big — operating rate could be as broken as $ 250 per kg , compared to the mediocre rocket launch cost of $ 5000 per kg .

But there are a few primal problem with space guns that must first be overcome before this technology becomes feasible — the least of which is the fact that payloads are being shot out of a gigantic fucking carom at ultrasonic fastness . See , unlike rockets , ballistic projectiles only accelerate until they exit the barrel . This means that in rescript to hit the minimum escape speed necessary , payload have to be moving incredibly quickly ( did I mention , Mach 8.8 ) as they leave the gag , perforate through the Earth ’s soupy air , and escape the planet ’s gravitational clutches .

To do this , we either need a gun with an unfeasibly prospicient bbl or we need to burn the projectile with much more strength — 100 of Gs worth of military unit . Even if the barrel were 60 km long , the missile would have to be accelerating at more than 1000 K / s2 as it leave behind the gun for tally escape velocity . Such speedup would impart over 100 Gs on the payload during the 10 second misstep . The job is , humans clock out at 25 - 35 G.

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It ’s not only the warhead that suffers , the projectile ’s exterior also brook extremum during launch . Since the missile is moving fastest at the detail where the atmosphere is blockheaded ( presumably at ocean layer as it exits the muzzle ) vast frictional rut is produce . As Greg Goebel ofVectorsexplains , “ a simple calculation based on a 1 - kilo three-dimensional missile launch at a gag speed of 39,600 KPH at ocean level show up that it will lose 20 % of its velocity and a good part of its ablative thermal security in the first 16 meter of flight . ”

Even if the accelerator were situated on a sight top above 15,000 feet , which reduces the amount of atmosphere to promote through and cuts tycoon requirements by a third , the Energy Department require for operation would still be prohibitively large . At least with our current level of technology .

When it comes to real impact , as luck would have it , the law of nature of gravitation make hit another ethereal body passably easily . So long as a passive payload is n’t travelling quicker than the prey ’s flight speed when the two meet , the gravitational puff of the the moon will attract the the bullet enough to cause it to strike within its first ambit . Even with hitting the moon nearly guarantee , though , it would be far more useful if we just could put the projectile into lunar range .

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Getting into the moon ’s celestial orbit is another job that requires a powered rocket . Orbital intromission has always been done with an active cargo ( one fit out with retrorocket or aerobrakes ) that can adapt the shape of its cranial orbit after launch by reducing impulse to less than that of the target trunk ’s escape cock speed . TheMars Recon Orbiter , Mariner 9 , and every other spacecraft we ’ve hucked through the solar organisation have all employed this proficiency . Which is expectant — if you want to almost get there .

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So , do you still want to successfully shoot the Sun Myung Moon ? You just have to build up a giant gun on top of a really tall mountain , load it with something that can hold both the monolithic force-out of launching and the ultrasonic impact with an interplanetary surface , and do it all for less than the cost of theDeath Star . No problemo .

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