After the Persians invaded her lands around 530 B.C.E., Queen Tomyris vowed to give their king his fill of blood. And she kept that promise.
Mattia Preti / Wikimedia CommonsQueen Tomyris , the warrior queen of the Massagetae .
It was a clank between ancient rulers that resile through history . In 530 B.C.E. , a warrior queen met the king of Persia in battle . And only one walk away .
By any measure , the Persians should have won . Their Rex , Cyrus the Great , brought an army of 200,000 soldier to inhibit the steppe lands north of their empire .
Mattia Preti/Wikimedia CommonsQueen Tomyris, the warrior queen of the Massagetae.
The grasslands were home to the Massagetae , a peregrine mass known for their horsemanship . And in 530 B.C.E. , Queen Tomyris ruled over the Massagetae .
Cyrus assumed the Massagetae and their fag would be an easy subjection . But his attempt to defeat Queen Tomyris ended viciously .
The Warrior Queen Of The Massagetae
The Persian Empire stretch out from the Mediterranean Sea in the due west to the Indus River in the east . It was one of the mightiest empire in the earthly concern , and the Persian army could outmatch any rival . In contrast , the realm of the Massagetae was much smaller .
In the 6th century B.C.E. , Queen Tomyris ruled the land north of Persia and east of the Caspian Sea . The Massagetae were a wandering people who lived in the steppes of Central Asia . Massagetae cleaning lady ride sawhorse , fought in struggle , and rule .
Andrea del Castagno / Uffizi GalleryQueen Tomyris , as envisage by the Renaissance artist Andrea del Castagno .
Andrea del Castagno/Uffizi GalleryQueen Tomyris, as imagined by the Renaissance artist Andrea del Castagno.
“ They fight back both on horseback and on foot , ” the Greek historian Herodotus indite of the Massagetae in hisHistories . “ They habituate bow and lances , but their favourite weapon is the conflict - axe . ”
Cyrus the neat , rule of Persia , expanded the boundaries of his empire by seize the Babylonians . Then he turned his attention north , to the Massagetae .
There was just one problem : Queen Tomyris defy to deform the knee to the Persians .
Château de VersaillesCyrus the Great riding into battle.
Tomyris dominate the Massagetae after her husband ’s demise . Together with her son , Spargapises , the warrior queen defended her territory .
Before air his armies north , Cyrus stress a diplomatic solution : he sent ambassadors to Queen Tomyris asking if she would become his wife .
The plan was a artifice to seize control . Tomyris saw through it — as Herodotus sound out , she was “ mindful that it was her realm , and not herself , that he courted . ” She refuse the proposal and told Cyrus to focalize on ruling his own Land rather than try out to take hers .
Ben Jonson’s “The Masque of Queens” celebrated Tomyris as a warrior queen.
undiscouraged , Cyrus sent his USA Frederick North to invade the Massagetae Land .
Queen Tomyris Versus Cyrus The Great
With the Persian army on her boundary line , Queen Tomyris sent Cyrus a warning . If he did not crawfish , the Massagetae would attack in three twenty-four hour period .
When those three day had passed , the Persians tricked the Massagetae . That trick would result to Cyrus ’ ruin .
The Persians came up with a clever theme . camp on one side of the river dividing Persia from Massagetae territory , their U. S. Army pretend to retreat . When the Massagetae advanced , they found an abandoned inner circle stocked with wine .
Jean-Simon Berthélemy/Wikimedia CommonsAn 18th-century depiction of Queen Tomyris by Jean-Simon Berthélemy.
Château de VersaillesCyrus the capital riding into battle .
The nomadic horsemen were n’t used to wine — they did not develop grapes or ferment them . As Herodotus explicate , the Massagetae primarily drank milk .
In jubilation of get back the Persians , the Massagetae drank the wine . And when they get under one’s skin drunk , the Persians struck . They entrance most of the Massagetae soldier , let in Tomyris ’ boy .
Peter Paul Rubens/Museum of Fine ArtsTomyris being presented with Cyrus’ head, as depicted by Peter Paul Rubens.
Shamed by his capture , Spargapises plead with Cyrus for permission to end his own sprightliness . With Cyrus ’ consent , Tomyris ’ son killed himself .
As detailed in Deborah Levine Gera ’s bookJudith , Tomyris blamed Cyrus for her boy ’s demise . She sent the king a subject matter consecrate to bolt down him . “ You bloodthirsty Cyrus , ” Tomyris rave , “ pride not yourself on this poor success . It was the grapevine juice — which , when you drink it , get you so demented … it was this poison by which you ensnared my child , and so whelm him , not in mediocre loose conflict . ”
“ touch on my son to me , ” Tomyris demand . “ Refuse , and I swear by the sun , the sovereign noble of the Massagetae , bloody-minded as you are , I will give you your filling of blood . ”
Cyrus ignored the queen ’s threat .
The Queen’s Revenge
Tomyris blamed Cyrus for her son ’s destruction . And she demand payback .
“ I will give you your fill of blood , ” Tomyris had vowed . When the Persian king brush aside her , Tomyris kindle her army . And then she attacked Persia .
Ben Jonson ’s “ The Masque of Queens ” celebrated Tomyris as a warrior fagot .
The Massagetae face off against the Persians in what Herodotuscalledthe fiercest battle between non - Hellene . The opposition struggle in unaired combat with lances and dagger , with neither side giving up .
Cyrus assume the Massagetae would be prosperous to defeat . After all , the Persians outnumbered their battler and boasted a much heavy empire . But the fierceness of Tomyris — and her vow to hit Cyrus — give the Massagetae an edge .
During the struggle , Cyrus fell . In the consequence , Queen Tomyris had her army search for the king ’s trunk among those of the come down Persians . When they brought it to her , she skip off his head and stuff it in a vat fill with human line of descent .
Jean - Simon Berthélemy / Wikimedia CommonsAn 18th - century portraying of Queen Tomyris by Jean - Simon Berthélemy .
“ I know and have conquered you in fight , ” Tomyris hold , “ and yet by you am I ruined , for you engage my boy with foxiness . ”
Tomyris shoved the decapitated head into the blood . “ Thus I make good my threat , and give you your fill of blood . ”
Peter Paul Rubens / Museum of Fine ArtsTomyris being present with Cyrus ’ head , as depicted by Peter Paul Rubens .
The story of Tomyris lived on long after the time of the Massagetae . Medieval artists drew the warrior queen beheading her enemy . And Renaissance artist reenacted Tomyris ’ penalisation of Cyrus ’ corpse .
But did Tomyris truly kill Cyrus the Great in such a brute fashion ? Few record survive from the final twelvemonth of Cyrus ’ sovereignty . Herodotus , writing in the century after Cyrus ’ death , claimed the story of Tomyris slaying the king had more evidence than any other explanation for the rule ’s last .
What happened to Tomyris after pushing back the Persians ? account does not commemorate the next chapter in Tomyris ’ life sentence . Medieval writer claim the Massagetae evolved into the Huns who invade Europe on horseback .
Although Tomyris vanish from historic records , her reputation for fierceness and brutality has lasted for thousands of eld .
Tomyris was one of many violent warrior woman in the ancient earth . Next , read about the conquerorQueen Zenobia , and then learn more about themyth of the Amazon women .
